Capt. Neal® wrote:


"krj" wrote in message
. ..

Capt. Neal® wrote:


"Meindert Sprang" wrote in message
...

"Capt. Neal®" wrote in message
...

I'm talking about two 12v batteries in a series circuit meaning one


positive pole connected

to the negative pole of the other battery. The left over positive and


negative poles must be

connected to some sort of circuit and load such as a light bulb or


electronic gadget that will

cause current to flow through the entire circuit.



In such a circuit, neither battery will charge the other, they will
only be
discharged together through the load.
The same current will flow through both batteries, and in both
batteries you
can regard the current as "flowing out" of the positive pole.

To charge a battery, current must be flowing "into" the positive
pole, which
can only happen if you connect two batteries in parallel, where one
is more
discharged than the other.

Meindert


You are wrong. You cannot run current though a battery backwards. You
charge with a charging
source that has higher voltage than the battery and by wiring it so
there exists a complete
circuit.

When I connect my photovoltaic to my 12v battery the battery takes a
charge because the
photovoltaics operate at 16v at ten amps current. The 16v, being
higher than the 12v in the
batteries causes a chemical reaction to occur between the sponge lead
and the solid lead
and the acid electrolyte and electrons are stored The chemical
reaction reverses when the
photovoltaics are removed and a load placed upon the batteries and
electrons are released.
Current never goes backwards in the battery.

This is a common misconception and I'm very surprised so-called
engineers fall prey to it.

CN

Let's see, +16v from the solar panel to the +12.7v on the battery. -
from the solar panel connected to - on the battery. 10 amps or current
is flowing. Which way through the battery is the current? If the
current is not flowing through the battery, where is it going?
krj


Duh, Current NEVER flows through the battery. A battery stores and
releases electricity
chemically. There is no circuit passing through the battery. The only
circuit that exists is
external to the battery. View a battery as a gasoline tank gas
(electrons) can be added
to the tank or removed from the tank. It's a storage device and not a
pipe of some sort
that has flow one way or the other inside it.

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu.../leadacid.html

Note how current flow is only shown to be reversed in the circuit
outside the
battery when charged. Never, at any time is there any such corresponding
flow
or circuitry inside the battery. There is but a series of plates and an
electrolyte
that stores or releases electrons. A battery is a tank and only a tank.
It is not
a circuit.

CN
OK, what do you call this "release of electrons"? Conventional current
flow is usually referred to as "current flowing from + to - in a
circuit. In reality is the movement of electrons from the - pole to the
+ pole. If electrons move within the battery, there is by definition,
current flow.
Going back to your previous postulation (to assume the truth or reality
something with no proof, especially as a basis of argument), how does a
battery with higher EMF in series with a battery of a lower EMF charge
the battery with the lower EMF when a light bulb is connected if there
is no current (or electron) flow?
krj