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On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 07:34:59 -0400, "Mr. Luddite"
wrote: On 9/18/2017 1:44 AM, wrote: The northern building code would not even protect most houses from a strong Cat 1 or a 2. When I was there they built to 80 mph but I assume they may have upped that a little. Even so there are plenty of 30+ year old buildings built to that code. There was absolutely zero uplift protection beyond gravity. You were not even required to put nuts on the J bolts in block headers when you mounted the sill plate for the stick built parts. There is also no tie beam and no steel in the block. They didn't even have steel in the footer. The J bolt is just mortared into one of the block cores. We have 4 #5 rebars in the tie beam and the top 16" is solid concrete, that tie beam is doweled with a #5 every 4 feet and at every opening in a grouted cell and the "hooks", top and bottom get tied to the tie beam steel and the footer steel. Your post caused me to think of the old farmhouse that we used to own and had my mother living in. I doubt any codes existed when it and the accompanying barn was built in 1800. All the support beams and rafters in the barn where pegged together ... no nails or screws. The vertical beams where the trunks from large cedar trees. We had a bulding preservation expert who takes care of the buildings in "Plimouth Plantation" (a local tourist attraction in Plymouth) visit us and he explained to me that back in those days the barn was built like the upside-down hull of a wooden ship, mainly due to the early ship building history of the area. We had the roof replaced on both the house and barn and when they tore off the old shingles there was no plywood like you would expect to see. The roof consisted of wood planks instead, with huge gaps between the planks in many places. Amazing that it never leaked. That old house and barn has withstood many a hurricane, blizzards and storms with nothing close to meeting modern building codes. If everything was pegged floor to roof peak it might come close to code, particularly if the uprights were buried deep enough in the ground. |
#42
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#44
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On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 11:50:35 -0400, "Mr. Luddite"
wrote: On 9/18/2017 11:39 AM, wrote: On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 07:34:59 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/18/2017 1:44 AM, wrote: The northern building code would not even protect most houses from a strong Cat 1 or a 2. When I was there they built to 80 mph but I assume they may have upped that a little. Even so there are plenty of 30+ year old buildings built to that code. There was absolutely zero uplift protection beyond gravity. You were not even required to put nuts on the J bolts in block headers when you mounted the sill plate for the stick built parts. There is also no tie beam and no steel in the block. They didn't even have steel in the footer. The J bolt is just mortared into one of the block cores. We have 4 #5 rebars in the tie beam and the top 16" is solid concrete, that tie beam is doweled with a #5 every 4 feet and at every opening in a grouted cell and the "hooks", top and bottom get tied to the tie beam steel and the footer steel. Your post caused me to think of the old farmhouse that we used to own and had my mother living in. I doubt any codes existed when it and the accompanying barn was built in 1800. All the support beams and rafters in the barn where pegged together ... no nails or screws. The vertical beams where the trunks from large cedar trees. We had a bulding preservation expert who takes care of the buildings in "Plimouth Plantation" (a local tourist attraction in Plymouth) visit us and he explained to me that back in those days the barn was built like the upside-down hull of a wooden ship, mainly due to the early ship building history of the area. We had the roof replaced on both the house and barn and when they tore off the old shingles there was no plywood like you would expect to see. The roof consisted of wood planks instead, with huge gaps between the planks in many places. Amazing that it never leaked. That old house and barn has withstood many a hurricane, blizzards and storms with nothing close to meeting modern building codes. If everything was pegged floor to roof peak it might come close to code, particularly if the uprights were buried deep enough in the ground. The interior cedar uprights aren't buried at all and the exterior wall framing sits on a foundation made of rocks. I think the reason it has survived is because the "peg" fastening construction that allows the whole barn to "flex" and give a bit, much like the wings on a commercial airplane that is riveted rather than welded. If it (and wings) were stiff, it would be ripped apart in strong wings. A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. |
#45
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On 9/18/2017 3:05 PM, wrote:
On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 11:50:35 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/18/2017 11:39 AM, wrote: On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 07:34:59 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/18/2017 1:44 AM, wrote: The northern building code would not even protect most houses from a strong Cat 1 or a 2. When I was there they built to 80 mph but I assume they may have upped that a little. Even so there are plenty of 30+ year old buildings built to that code. There was absolutely zero uplift protection beyond gravity. You were not even required to put nuts on the J bolts in block headers when you mounted the sill plate for the stick built parts. There is also no tie beam and no steel in the block. They didn't even have steel in the footer. The J bolt is just mortared into one of the block cores. We have 4 #5 rebars in the tie beam and the top 16" is solid concrete, that tie beam is doweled with a #5 every 4 feet and at every opening in a grouted cell and the "hooks", top and bottom get tied to the tie beam steel and the footer steel. Your post caused me to think of the old farmhouse that we used to own and had my mother living in. I doubt any codes existed when it and the accompanying barn was built in 1800. All the support beams and rafters in the barn where pegged together ... no nails or screws. The vertical beams where the trunks from large cedar trees. We had a bulding preservation expert who takes care of the buildings in "Plimouth Plantation" (a local tourist attraction in Plymouth) visit us and he explained to me that back in those days the barn was built like the upside-down hull of a wooden ship, mainly due to the early ship building history of the area. We had the roof replaced on both the house and barn and when they tore off the old shingles there was no plywood like you would expect to see. The roof consisted of wood planks instead, with huge gaps between the planks in many places. Amazing that it never leaked. That old house and barn has withstood many a hurricane, blizzards and storms with nothing close to meeting modern building codes. If everything was pegged floor to roof peak it might come close to code, particularly if the uprights were buried deep enough in the ground. The interior cedar uprights aren't buried at all and the exterior wall framing sits on a foundation made of rocks. I think the reason it has survived is because the "peg" fastening construction that allows the whole barn to "flex" and give a bit, much like the wings on a commercial airplane that is riveted rather than welded. If it (and wings) were stiff, it would be ripped apart in strong wings. A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. The other thing is that the screen panels on the pool enclosures down there are designed to pop out, reducing the "sail" effect caused by the wind. Screens really don't have as much conductance for wind or even a breeze for that matter. They are designed to keep the bugs out. |
#46
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On 9/18/2017 3:05 PM, wrote:
On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 11:50:35 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/18/2017 11:39 AM, wrote: On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 07:34:59 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/18/2017 1:44 AM, wrote: The northern building code would not even protect most houses from a strong Cat 1 or a 2. When I was there they built to 80 mph but I assume they may have upped that a little. Even so there are plenty of 30+ year old buildings built to that code. There was absolutely zero uplift protection beyond gravity. You were not even required to put nuts on the J bolts in block headers when you mounted the sill plate for the stick built parts. There is also no tie beam and no steel in the block. They didn't even have steel in the footer. The J bolt is just mortared into one of the block cores. We have 4 #5 rebars in the tie beam and the top 16" is solid concrete, that tie beam is doweled with a #5 every 4 feet and at every opening in a grouted cell and the "hooks", top and bottom get tied to the tie beam steel and the footer steel. Your post caused me to think of the old farmhouse that we used to own and had my mother living in. I doubt any codes existed when it and the accompanying barn was built in 1800. All the support beams and rafters in the barn where pegged together ... no nails or screws. The vertical beams where the trunks from large cedar trees. We had a bulding preservation expert who takes care of the buildings in "Plimouth Plantation" (a local tourist attraction in Plymouth) visit us and he explained to me that back in those days the barn was built like the upside-down hull of a wooden ship, mainly due to the early ship building history of the area. We had the roof replaced on both the house and barn and when they tore off the old shingles there was no plywood like you would expect to see. The roof consisted of wood planks instead, with huge gaps between the planks in many places. Amazing that it never leaked. That old house and barn has withstood many a hurricane, blizzards and storms with nothing close to meeting modern building codes. If everything was pegged floor to roof peak it might come close to code, particularly if the uprights were buried deep enough in the ground. The interior cedar uprights aren't buried at all and the exterior wall framing sits on a foundation made of rocks. I think the reason it has survived is because the "peg" fastening construction that allows the whole barn to "flex" and give a bit, much like the wings on a commercial airplane that is riveted rather than welded. If it (and wings) were stiff, it would be ripped apart in strong wings. A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. It's rare but we've had a few Cat 3 hurricanes up here. Mostly they are Cat 1 or 2 though. The old farmhouse withstood the Great Hurricane of 1938 that although estimated to have been a Cat 3, recorded winds at the Blue Hills observatory were 121 mph sustained with a 186 mph gust which remains the highest hurricane produced wind in the USA. |
#47
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On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 15:09:53 -0400, "Mr. Luddite"
wrote: A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. The other thing is that the screen panels on the pool enclosures down there are designed to pop out, reducing the "sail" effect caused by the wind. Screens really don't have as much conductance for wind or even a breeze for that matter. They are designed to keep the bugs out. Where did you hear that? The standard screen "patio" material uses flat spline that gets tighter, the harder you pull. Screens come out when the screen tears, not because it "pops out" of anything. When you replace it, you have to pry the spline out and dig out the screen under the spline. This is the cross section of a 1x2 screen cage member (usually used to hold screen on the side of a 2x2 that does not have the spline groove) The top right is the screen groove and the "C" shaped extrusions hold #8 screws when you are putting them together. I agree the screen does catch a lot of wind and even more when there is driving rain. That is why these things are made to be so tough. They are really engineered more like biplane wings than bridges. That is how they get away with so little aluminum. The key is steel cables holding the whole thing together. I did some post portems on failed cages at my wife's (Centex) community after Charley and every one seemed to fail when a cable anchor failed. After that they started racking and just came apart. I do know I added extra cables to mine after that. |
#48
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#49
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On Tue, 19 Sep 2017 02:52:13 -0400, "Mr. Luddite"
wrote: On 9/19/2017 12:28 AM, wrote: On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 15:09:53 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. The other thing is that the screen panels on the pool enclosures down there are designed to pop out, reducing the "sail" effect caused by the wind. Screens really don't have as much conductance for wind or even a breeze for that matter. They are designed to keep the bugs out. Where did you hear that? The standard screen "patio" material uses flat spline that gets tighter, the harder you pull. Screens come out when the screen tears, not because it "pops out" of anything. When you replace it, you have to pry the spline out and dig out the screen under the spline. This is the cross section of a 1x2 screen cage member (usually used to hold screen on the side of a 2x2 that does not have the spline groove) The top right is the screen groove and the "C" shaped extrusions hold #8 screws when you are putting them together. I agree the screen does catch a lot of wind and even more when there is driving rain. That is why these things are made to be so tough. They are really engineered more like biplane wings than bridges. That is how they get away with so little aluminum. The key is steel cables holding the whole thing together. I did some post portems on failed cages at my wife's (Centex) community after Charley and every one seemed to fail when a cable anchor failed. After that they started racking and just came apart. I do know I added extra cables to mine after that. The install guy of our screen house in Florida told me that. He said that in the event of a hurricane with winds over a certain level the screen sections were designed to release, reducing the load on the aluminum frame and preventing it from being wrecked. The screens are replaceable at far less cost than the frame. Sounds like bull**** to me. Everyone uses the same "patio" material and I have never seen it with anything but flat spline grooves I suppose someone may make round spline material but I have never been asked if I wanted it when I buy patio. You also find out pretty quickly that replacing the screen is not cheap. They typically charge $100 a panel that they can get to from the ground and $125-150 if it is overhead. Even before Andrew there was a pretty tough code on screen cages. I don't recall any "cables" in the frames of either of the screen houses we had at either of the houses we had there. Not to say they didn't have them ... I just don't remember them and I watched one of ours being built. The first house we bought had a pool but did not have a screen enclosure. We contracted with an installer to put one up. I remember that I originally wanted it to also cover part of a deck that was between the house and the pool and that caused all kinds of problems in terms of getting permits. It would require having a structural engineer approve how it attached to the house which wasn't a big deal except it would take two or three months to get it done due to a backlog of work. We ended up opting to just enclose the pool only and the permit was issued in a couple of days. You could have gone for "free standing". They have canned engineering for that. I did it with my pool cage instead of trying to tie into the older (lower code) cage. I guarantee there were cables in the corners. This is a post 2001 code cage, the difference being the cross bucks in the roof. The cables were in the code in 85 when I put in the original cage. The difference is the attachment method. In 85 they used an eye bolt through the frame and another eye bolt through that one used as the tensioner. In 2001 they use an angle bracket with a dozen #8 screws into the member. BTW that is what failed on the ones I looked at. I think the eye bolt may have been stronger. |
#50
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On 9/19/2017 7:59 PM, wrote:
On Tue, 19 Sep 2017 02:52:13 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: On 9/19/2017 12:28 AM, wrote: On Mon, 18 Sep 2017 15:09:53 -0400, "Mr. Luddite" wrote: A truly strong wind against the long side would probably toss it over but you don't really get Cat3 and 4 up there. The direction of the wind also makes a huge difference. You can see that, just driving around my neighborhood If it is hitting the corner I doubt it sees much at all except the racking force and those pegs will absorb a whole lot of that. It is the racking that kills screen cages. When I had mine built to the 140 mph code they added a bunch of rigid cross members at angles across the roof to stiffen it up. I have had 3 major hurricanes and it seemed to work. The other thing is that the screen panels on the pool enclosures down there are designed to pop out, reducing the "sail" effect caused by the wind. Screens really don't have as much conductance for wind or even a breeze for that matter. They are designed to keep the bugs out. Where did you hear that? The standard screen "patio" material uses flat spline that gets tighter, the harder you pull. Screens come out when the screen tears, not because it "pops out" of anything. When you replace it, you have to pry the spline out and dig out the screen under the spline. This is the cross section of a 1x2 screen cage member (usually used to hold screen on the side of a 2x2 that does not have the spline groove) The top right is the screen groove and the "C" shaped extrusions hold #8 screws when you are putting them together. I agree the screen does catch a lot of wind and even more when there is driving rain. That is why these things are made to be so tough. They are really engineered more like biplane wings than bridges. That is how they get away with so little aluminum. The key is steel cables holding the whole thing together. I did some post portems on failed cages at my wife's (Centex) community after Charley and every one seemed to fail when a cable anchor failed. After that they started racking and just came apart. I do know I added extra cables to mine after that. The install guy of our screen house in Florida told me that. He said that in the event of a hurricane with winds over a certain level the screen sections were designed to release, reducing the load on the aluminum frame and preventing it from being wrecked. The screens are replaceable at far less cost than the frame. Sounds like bull**** to me. Everyone uses the same "patio" material and I have never seen it with anything but flat spline grooves I suppose someone may make round spline material but I have never been asked if I wanted it when I buy patio. You also find out pretty quickly that replacing the screen is not cheap. They typically charge $100 a panel that they can get to from the ground and $125-150 if it is overhead. Even before Andrew there was a pretty tough code on screen cages. I don't recall any "cables" in the frames of either of the screen houses we had at either of the houses we had there. Not to say they didn't have them ... I just don't remember them and I watched one of ours being built. The first house we bought had a pool but did not have a screen enclosure. We contracted with an installer to put one up. I remember that I originally wanted it to also cover part of a deck that was between the house and the pool and that caused all kinds of problems in terms of getting permits. It would require having a structural engineer approve how it attached to the house which wasn't a big deal except it would take two or three months to get it done due to a backlog of work. We ended up opting to just enclose the pool only and the permit was issued in a couple of days. You could have gone for "free standing". They have canned engineering for that. I did it with my pool cage instead of trying to tie into the older (lower code) cage. I guarantee there were cables in the corners. This is a post 2001 code cage, the difference being the cross bucks in the roof. The cables were in the code in 85 when I put in the original cage. The difference is the attachment method. In 85 they used an eye bolt through the frame and another eye bolt through that one used as the tensioner. In 2001 they use an angle bracket with a dozen #8 screws into the member. BTW that is what failed on the ones I looked at. I think the eye bolt may have been stronger. I agree that the screens aren't cheap to replace but it's better than starting all over again with a collapsed frame, all twisted and bent. I assume ours was of the "free standing" type because there was no older screen enclosure to tie into. I've long forgotten the details of how it was built although I watched most of the work being done. I also can understand that losing two or three screen panels significantly reduces the load on the remaining ones because the wind has a place to escape, rather than imposing all it's force on the remaining panels. We lost panels on that one but not the frame. The other house we had had an older and much larger pool and screen enclosure. We had sold that house before Wilma hit but much of the frame collapsed during that hurricane. It had actually survived Charlie and Francis with only two or three panel loses. |
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