From this article
"By the start of the Carter administration in 1977, involuntary
commitment had been restricted to those who were deemed as potentially
dangerous to themselves or, perhaps more significantly, those around
them.2 Typically, the commitment had to be sponsored by a family
member and/or ordered by the court. A result of this policy was that
the mentally ill patient who refused treatment typically did not
receive any at all. If the patient had lost contact with family
members, she or he would not be committed unless found to be a threat
by the court. Often, those arrested ended up in jail rather than in
treatment if they had not been found to be a threat but had committed
a crime (Abramson, 1972; Conrad and Schneider, 1980). "
So, you're blaming Nixon. Fine with me.
Blame the 60s, it was the ACLU that pressed the cases that made it
virtually impossible to involuntarily commit someone unless a family
member did it or you convicted them of a crime.
The only way you can prove someone is a danger is to actually convict
them of a violent crime.
It's actually a lot easier than that, at least in California, which I
wouldn't consider particularly "conservative."
The only thing that is a given is the same 72 hour we have.
After that your statute says if they file a writ of habeas corpus you
have 2 more days to get a court decree and the 5250 hold is still only
14 days. After 17 days they walk ... assuming you have probable cause
to hold them that long.
"On or previous to the expiration of the 72 hours, the psychiatrist
must assess the person to see if they still meet criteria for
hospitalization. If so, the person may be offered a voluntary
admission. If it is refused, then another hold for up to 14 days, the
5250 (WIC-5250), must be written to continue the involuntary
confinement of the person. A Certification Review Hearing (W&I 5256)
must occur within four days before a judge or hearing officer to
determine whether probable cause exists to support the 5250.
Alternatively, the person can demand a writ of habeas corpus to be
filed for their release after they are certified for a 5250, and once
filed, by law, the person must be in front of a judge in two (2) days,
which, is two days sooner than the Certification Review Hearing. If
the person demands to file a writ of habeas corpus right at the time
of being given notice of certification, the Certification Review
Hearing will not take place. Many patients wait to see how things go
at the Certification Review Hearing first, because if the person loses
at the Certification Review Hearing, he/she can then take advantage of
the right to file writ of habeas corpus and end up having two
hearings, instead of just one.[4][5] If the 72-hour time frame has
elapsed before the person is offered a voluntary admission or placed
on the 5250 hold, the person must be immediately released."
And, pray tell.. who will be filing that writ? The ranting detainee,
who's banging his head against the cell wall?