The universe is not a closed system.

If the universe is not a closed system then there are things outside of the
universe. If the universe is everything (all inclusive) how could something
not be a subset of it.?



So if energy is "made"
in one area, it must have come from some other area in the system.


Only if your system is the entire universe. Otherwise it can easily
come
from another system and, in experience, often does. People are still
trying
to find the source of excess energy from the Pons-Flieschman
experiments.


They are retards following a shoddy scam. Pons-Flieschman could never
re-produce his claimed cold fusion.



My statement is supported in its entirity by this document from the US
Department of Energy:

http://www.science.doe.gov/Sub/Newsr...nal_120104.pdf





This
means that it is impossible to set up a perpetually moving mechanism
without an outside source of energy, as no motion can occur without
using energy.


This would violate the law of inertia. An object in motion stays in
motion
unless acted upon by an outside force. An object moving along in free
space
at any speed consumes no energy.

Wrong....Energy was used to put it the object in motion.

Not true at all. Inertial motion is relative. I see a train pass by,
relative to me it is moving. It required energy to get it moving relative to
the earth's reference frame. The people on the train see me moving relative
to them. How much energy was put into me for the train passengers to see me
moving? None.

Energy is used to accelerate the object, the result of which is motion. Does
all of the energy used to accelerate the object wind up as the kinetic
energy of the object? Acceleration is absolute, it is not relative; motion
is relative, the absolute inertial frame has not yet been widely accepted.



The law of inertia describes perpetual motion. In fact, the motion is
perpetual if no energy is added or removed from the system.

See above...the key is nothing added or removed. It requires energy to
put anything in motion therefore it is not perpetual.

Motion is relative. The energy could be applied to the observer, not the
observed to change the apparent motion.


Where does the energy come from to induce additional rotation in the
Lens-Thirring effect?

The rotation field, whether caused by a linearly moving mass or a
rotating object, only affects moving masses.

What kind of field is produced by this rotation? Since the field is rotating
are all masses not rotating with it considered moving?

However, there is of
course a much stronger associated acceleration field which affects
all masses. From the subjective point of view, the acceleration field
may appear to be partly linear acceleration and partly "centrifugal"
force associated with rotary motion, but this is a higher-order effect.

Where does the linear acceleration arise? What type of field is this?



Energy cannot be transferred from an area of lower energy to an area
of
higher energy, without some external effect being felt in the system.



Is the effect external to/ outside of the system? If so, then it is not
a
closed system and your sweeping macroscopic generalizations would not
apply,
since they are valid only for closed systems.

They are indeed external.

Ok then, consider a closed system consisting of a 10 watt oscillator with an
output terminal impedance of X ohms, a lossless transmission line of X ohms
impedance and a load at the end of the transmission line of Y ohms. The
oscillator signal travels down the transmission line and part of the signal
is reflected back to the oscillator by the load mismatch. The load is a
passive power sink, the oscillator a power source. Yet in this closed
system, energy travels from a sink to a source. What is the external effect
of this system?


So all systems must evolve from coherence to a state of randomness
due
to random external effects caused by energy fluctuations.


Randomness is a mathematical concept used to describe or measure
physical
systems. Randomness is not a force of nature, is not a physical process
and
is not a cause for an effect.

There is no concept of randomness OUTSIDE of a
caused system. What we call randomness in non
living nature is just the laws of physics working
as a massive complex web of laws; randomness does
not really exist in physics.


Randomness is a concept of measurement, specifically a measure of the lack
of understanding/analytical ability by humans of a causal system.



Randomness is used to describe aggregate
phenomena after it has occured.

In almost all systems coherence is the lowest energy state. Do some
research
on oscillators.

Why?

The seek the lowest energy state and maintain high coherence.



Joe