If you look at a curve of the "tidal streams" of a given location, or
at the ATSA, (Admirallity Tidal Stream Atlas), it incorporates the
effect of landmasses and sea-bottom topography on the water-flow.
Doesn't it ?
Otherwise it wouldn't be very useful !
Peter S/Y Anicula
"Nav" skrev i en meddelelse
...
That's not a backpedal. Tidal current is discrete from hydraulic
current
and the two sum as I said.
Cheers
Jeff Morris wrote:
Holy Backpedal, Nav!
Of course the total current is the sum of a variety of effects.
However, these
are certain places where the hydraulic current dominates the flow.
Snow's Cut,
I suspect, is one. There are others, and they tend to be very
significant for
sailors.
Most simple tidal currents around here max at under 2 knots, while
the
hydraulics are frequently over 4, sometimes 6 or more. For simple
currents, the
"50-90" rule, which approximates a sine curve, can be used. This
says that the
current reaches half strength in the first third between slack and
max, and 90%
in the second third.
However, when a hydraulic current dominates, the current changes
very quickly,
often with virtually no slack. Cape Cod Canal this morning went
from a .9 knot
ebb to a 1 knot flood in 10 minutes. It went from 50% ebb to 50%
flood strength
in less than an hour, or twice as fast as a sine wave would
predict. Hell Gate
changes even faster than that.
This is a very significant effect for the sailor, who often wishes
to transit
such areas at slack. Perhaps they are not common where you are,
Nav, but I'm
rather surprised you heard of it.
jeff
"Nav" wrote in message
...
I just looked up Bowditch because I was surprised at the
generality you
implied. Bowditch is clearly talking about hydraulic current which
_adds_ to the tidal current. The overall effect is as I described
in my
other response.
Cheers
Jeff Morris wrote:
Then you're disagreeing with Bowditch:
"A slight departure from the sine form is exhibited by
the reversing current in a strait, such as East River, New
York, that connects two tidal basins. The tides at the two
ends of a strait are seldom in phase or equal in range, and
the current, called hydraulic current, is generated largely
by the continuously changing difference in height of water
at the two ends. The speed of a hydraulic current varies
nearly as the square root of the difference in height. The
speed reaches a maximum more quickly and remains at
strength for a longer period than shown in Figure 914b, and
the period of weak current near the time of slack is considerably
shortened."
"Nav" wrote in message
...
That sounds like an estimate based on an energy argument.
However, I
don't think that case could be considered to be a closed system
so such
energy balance need not apply.
Cheers
Jeff Morris wrote:
"Thom Stewart" wrote in message
...
Scott,
You've seem to have forgotten "The Gulf Stream Master" Jax.
I'm sure he
can help you ride the eddies:^) Maybe even find you a stray
current
heading south (g)
Jax also insisted that the time of high water and slack current
must be the
same, to be otherwise would violate the laws of physics (on his
planet).
Now, for what's it worth. The Tide Flow is a sine wave. Us
common folk
understand that slack water is at the top and bottom of the
wave. So
slack is, roughly about a hour and it is roughly in the upper
30%
counting the end of the rising tide and the beginning of the
Ebb. 15% to
the HW and 15% roughly to the Max Flow. That means about two
hours to
max flow, 8 hours of max flow and then another couple of hour
of
diminishing flow to LW.
While the current flow in "simple harbors" may follow a sine
curve, in cuts
between two bodies of water the flow is different. The curve
is more
"squarish," that is, the flow ramps up quicker and stays high
longer. The
duration of slack is reduced. The best example is Hell Gate in
New York.
IIRC, the flow rate is proportional to the square root of the
different of
height of the two bodies.
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