There was a mention in this thread about burning at the stake for believing the Earth goes around the Sun referring to the Catholic Church and the events surrounding the Galileo affair. The real problem and valid objection of the Pope was how to prove the Earth turns using the same system which predicts astronomical events in that he believed it couldn't be done, at least according to a closer inspection of the issues separating Galileo and the Pope -

"Here lurked the danger of serious misunderstanding. Maffeo Barberini, while he was a Cardinal, had counselled Galileo to treat Copernicanism as a hypothesis, not as a confirmed truth. But 'hypothesis' meant two very different things. On the one hand, astronomers were assumed to deal only with hypotheses, i.e. accounts of the observed motions of the stars and planets that were not claimed to be true. Astronomical theories were mere instruments for calculation and prediction, a view that is often called 'instrumentalism'.. On the other hand, a hypothesis could also be understood as a theory that was not yet proved but was open to eventual confirmation. This was a 'realist' position. Galileo thought that Copernicanism was true, and presented it as a hypothesis, i.e. as a provisional idea that was potentially physically true, and he discussed the pros and cons, leaving the issue undecided. This did not correspond to the instrumentalist view of Copernicanism that was held by Maffeo Barberini and others. They thought that Copernicus' system was a purely instrumental device, and Maffeo Barberini was convinced that it could never be proved. This ambiguity pervaded the whole Galileo Affair."

http://www.unav.es/cryf/english/newlightistanbul.html

The parent observation of timekeeping where it meshes with planetary dynamics is with the leap day rotation and the 1461 rotations which fit inside 4 orbital circumferences. This fact goes in two separate directions - for interpretative astronomy where the Earth's motions and solar system structure is being researched and proved it reduces to 365 1/4 rotations per orbital circuit while for predictive astronomy where astronomical events are determined within the calendar framework the parent 1461 rotations are formatted in a 365/366 rotation scaffolding.

Sure,people can believe that Church doctrine was dependent on the Earth at the center of the Universe however a closer look at the issue reveals that the objections were quite valid. Only with 21st century tools can the issue be untangled and resolved but it can't be if contemporaries believe the Earth rotates 366 1/4 times inside one orbital circuit.

The Lat/Long system plays a crucial role in extracting humanity from an era mired in voodoo and bluff including the fuss over a 'leap second' -

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-0...r-year/6002002